The levels presented on this page are based on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR).
Can understand and use familiar everyday expressions and basic phrases aimed at handling simple, everyday tasks. Can introduce themselves and others. Can ask and answer questions about themselves, the people close to them and their immediate surroundings. Can have simple conversations if the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.
Grasps some of the key principles of the language and can use them as a basis for further developing their language skills.
Comprehends some of the key principles of the language and can identify and express themselves using its characteristic features
Can understand and use sentences and frequently used expressions related to the most common everyday needs: the most essential information about themselves and their family, their environment, studying and work. Can communicate appropriately in routine situations requiring the exchange of information on familiar matters. Can describe their background, local environment and themes related to themself and familiar matters.
Can express their opinions on familiar and simple matters. Can manage in ordinary, uncomplicated communication situations. Can describe matters relating to their immediate environment and personal experience.
Can manage in a range of ordinary everyday communication situations. Can briefly describe their experiences and needs, and justify their opinions on topics close to their everyday sphere.
Can understand and convey the main points of clear messages often encountered in work, studies and leisure. Can cope with most communication situations in the target language. Can produce simple, coherent text on topics that are familiar or of personal interest, and also talk about topics related to their own field. Can describe experiences and events, hopes and ambitions. Can justify and explain opinions and plans.
Can manage in most spontaneous everyday communication situations. Can express their opinions and needs.
Can sustain a conversation and produce fairly natural language. Recognises even complex structures and understands the key message.
Can understand the main ideas of texts on different topics, including in their own field. Can adapt and convey messages to the target audience. Can communicate so fluently and spontaneously that effortless interaction is possible in most situations. Can produce clear, detailed texts on a wide range of topics, express opinions on a variety of issues and explain the advantages and disadvantages of different options. Can make a sufficient distinction between formal and informal language and communicate appropriately.
Can use even complex structures and grasps the different language registers. Can advance interaction, and linguistic inaccuracies do not impede fluency.
Can advance interaction systematically and as situations require. Can shift between formal and informal language.
Can understand different types of demanding texts and presentations, can use them as sources and also recognise the nuances of language use. Can express ideas fluently, spontaneously and accurately, without noticeable difficulties in finding expressions. Can use language flexibly and effectively for social purposes, as well as for learning, research and professional purposes, and can act effectively as a mediator. Can produce clear, well-structured and detailed texts on complex topics.
Understands and is capable of analysing the nuances of the language. Can act flexibly and strategically in a range of communication situations.
Uses the language accurately and effortlessly. Can recognise implicit meaning and variation in tone, and use these in their own communication.
Can usually understand with ease all kinds of language in different contexts, including abstract and largely unfamiliar topics. Can combine information from different sources and build a coherent presentation of the arguments and explanations given in them, both in terms of content and form. Can mediate effectively and naturally, taking on different roles according to the needs of the people and situation involved. Can express ideas spontaneously, very fluently and accurately. Can differentiate finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations.